PSG has now won the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
However, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the final seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.